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Diabetes - Herbs
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Patent Number
6,391,854
"Orally active fraction of
momordica charantia, active peptides thereof, and their use in the treatment
of diabetes "
The water-soluble composition
obtained from Momordica Charantia MC6 characterized by migrating as a single
band of less than 10 kDal on SDS-20% PAGE comprising three peptides, exhibiting
hypoglycemic activity and being active by oral administration. ......
" wherein said hyperglycemic disorder is diabetes. " .... " wherein
said diabetes is Type I diabetes. " ... and "wherein
said diabetes is Type II diabetes".
" report indicates
that the crude extract of M.charantia lowers plasma glucose level
partly by stimulation of glycogen synthesis in the liver "
"Oral Administration of MC6
is Equally Effective as Systemic Injection of Insulin " ( MC
6 is the tag given to extract
of Momordica Charantia in this patent )
"Furthermore, since the MC6
and the peptide MC6.1, 6.2 and 6.3 are orally active. they provide significant
advantages over conventional insulin products that have been used in the
treatment of diabetes which must be introduced by more invasive and less
convenient means of administration, such as i.v. "
Patent Number
6,235,286 :
Adult-onset diabetes treatment
method
Abstract
"Methods of inducing weight
loss and treating adult-onset diabetes in a mammal in need thereof by administering
to the mammal Momordica lectin or pokeweed mitogen chloroform precipitatable
fraction. Lectin pharmaceutical compositions are also disclosed. "
"Momordica lectins appear
to have insulin-like activity in mice, and induce hypoglycemia and weight
loss in these animals, even when given orally. Such orally active proteins
can be used in the treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes
mellitus or obesity, offering a new therapeutic strategy for treating these
diseases"
Patent Number
5,900,240 :
Herbal compositions
and their use as hypoglycemic agents
Abstract
"An edible composition comprising
a mixture of at least two herbs selected from the group consisting of Syzygium
cumini, Gymnema sylvestre, Momordica charantia and Solanum melongena.
Preferably, the composition comprises a mixture of Syzygium cumini and
Momordica charantia. A mixture of Syzygium cumini, Gymnema sylvestre
and Momordica charantia is particularly preferred. The herbal mixtures
are useful as dietary supplements and are especially useful for lowering
the glucose level of the blood in mammals, particularly humans suffering
from diabetes mellitus. "
Patent Number
6,410,596 :
Compositions containing hypoglycemically
active stillbenoids
Abstract
The use of isolated or purified
stilbenoid compounds including longistyline A-2-carboxylic acid as hypoglycemic
agents or to lower serum glucose levels is described. The invention also
relates to the use of such stibenoid compounds in combination with other
hypoglycemic agents.
The present invention relates
to stilbenoids that exhibit hypoglycemic and/or antidiabetic activity in
mammals
Pterostilbene (3,4',5-trimethoxystilbene)
isolated from Pterocarpus marsupium reportedly significantly decreased
the plasma glucose level and body weights of of STZ-induced diabetic rats
.Both the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the heartwood of Pterocarpus
marsupium were reported to produce a reduction in blood sugar level
The present invention also
provides methods for treating hyperglycemia or reducing blood glucose levels
to a mammal comprising administering to said mammal a hypoglycemically
effective amount of an isolated or pure compound of formula (I). In
particular embodiments, the invention provides methods of treatment for
type I diabetes, type II diabetes
In one embodiment of the
present invention the pharmaceutical compositions or dietary supplements
are used to lower blood glucose in mammals with type I or type II diabetes.
Additionally, the stilbenoids of formulae described herein can be advantageously
used as hypoglycemic agents to reduce blood glucose in situations of acute
stress such as experienced by animals or patients with hyperthermia, trauma,
sepsis, burns or those undergoing general anesthesia
Although the present inventors
do not wish to be limited to any particular mechanism of action to explain
the
hypoglycemic activity of the stilbenoids of formulae described herein,
it
is envisaged that they may advantageously be useful for treatment of both
insulin-dependent or type I diabetes (formerly termed juvenile-onset or
ketosis prone diabetes) and non-insulin-dependent or type II diabetes (formerly
termed adult-onset, maturity onset or nonketotic diabetes)
Patent Number
5,886,029 :
Method and composition for treatment of diabetes
Abstract
A medicinal composition is provided for treatment of diabetes in a
human subject. The medicinal composition of the invention induces a
significant reduction in serum glucose due to the regeneration of pancreatic
islet cells. A medicinal composition according to the invention necessarily
includes a pharmacologically significant quantity of (-)epicatechin
augmented with a comparable amount of gymnemic acid.
For
best results smaller quantities of cinnamomum
tamala, syzygium cumini, trigonella foenum graceum, azardichta indica,
ficus racemosa, and tinospora cordifolia
(Note : all these Herbals
are in our formulation epicatechin is
the main compound in pterocarpus
marsupium and Acacia catechu ) are also included
in the composition. One to two grams of the medicinal composition of the
invention are administered to a diabetic human subject three times a day
before meals.
"The unique combination
of components in the medicinal composition leads to a regeneration of the
pancreas cells which then start producing insulin on their own. Since the
composition restores normal pancreatic function, treatment can be discontinued
after between about four and twelve months. "
"While a preferred medicinal composition according to the present invention
utilizes a combination of several components that enhance beta cell regeneration,
the most important of these are (-)epicatechin and gymnemic acid. (-)Epicatechin
acts in the body to regenerate the beta cells of islets of the pancreas.
With the administration of (-)epicatechin in combination with gymnemic
acid on a regular basis, the beta cells of a diabetic subject will grow
back to approach the normal size and number present in a nondiabetic person.
This effect upon the body reverses the condition of diabetes. As the subject's
blood sugar level improves, the dosage administered is reduced in strength.
In at least some cases further administration has been discontinued entirely
and the subject continues to produce a normal amount of insulin without
further treatment. The subject is thereby not only treated but cured entirely
of a diabetic condition. "
(Epicatechin is a chemical substance found in pterocarpus marsupium
and
Acacia catechu
"Syzygium cumini acts as a stimulant to the beta cells of Langerhans
islets of the pancreas to secrete more insulin. Also, syzygium cumini
increases the utilization of sugar either by direct stimulation of sugar
uptake or through the mediation of enhanced insulin secretion. "
"Gymnemic acid is present in a different plant substance, such as the
leaves of gymnema sylvestre. When incorporated into the composition
of the invention, gymnemic acid suppresses the taste buds in the oral cavity
of the subject so that the individual does not taste the sweetness of sugar
in food products consumed. This serves to reduce the craving for sugar
in the human subject to which the medicinal composition has been administered.
Gymnemic acid is made up of molecules whose atom arrangement is similar
to those of glucose molecules. These molecules fill the receptor locations
on the taste buds for a period of one to two hours, thereby preventing
the taste buds from being activated by any sugar molecules present in the
food. The desire to eat foods containing sugar is thereby suppressed. "
"Gymnemic acid also acts upon the absorptive surfaces of the stomach
and intestine to retard absorption of sugar in foods that have been eaten.
The glucose molecules in the gymnemic acid also fill the receptor locations
in the absorptive, external layers of the intestine, thereby preventing
the intestine from absorbing sugar molecules. "
"cinnamomum tamala. This substance is an herb that aids in the digestion
of food. "
"momardica charantia herb aids in reducing the level of sugar
in the blood. "
"trigonella foenum graceum is an herbal substance that
delays the intestinal absorption of glucose"
"Azadirachta indica has been observed to have hypoglycemic and
antihypoglycemic effects. "
"Ficus racemosa are preferably included in the composition. This
is an herbal substance that has been reported to have antihyperglycemic
activity"
Research experimental study conclusion
"The Pancreas Tonic Diet Group (C) had a significantly higher number
of cells per pancreatic islet than was observed in the Diabetic Group (B).
This suggests that the Pancreas Tonic treatment substance of Table 1 regenerated
the pancreatic islet cells. The histological observation of regeneration
of islet cells in the Pancreas Tonic Diet Group (C) correlates with a significant
reduction of serum glucose and GHB at systemic level. "
"Specifically, the thirty human subjects in the test group, each suffering
from diabetes, were each orally administered pills having an aggregate
weight of about 7.0 grams and formulated according to the Pancreas Tonic
of Table 1. The pills were administered three times a day before meals.
It was observed that after only about four to six months of this regimen
the diabetic conditions of all the subjects significantly improved, and
became at least partially reversed.
"After between six and twelve months, administration of the Pancreas
Tonic of Table 1 to five of the test subjects whose blood sugar levels
had reached normal levels was terminated entirely. Nevertheless, all of
these individuals continued to maintain normal blood sugar levels and exhibited
no other signs of diabetes. After this same time, only one-half of one
pill of the Pancreas Tonic of Table 1 was administered to each remaining
subject in the test group three times a day, and their blood sugar levels
have remained normal. Accordingly, it is evident that the medicinal composition
of the invention, and the treatment of the human subjects with this composition,
has exhibited a remarkably beneficial effect. In same cases the subjects
appear to be totally cured, while in other cases the improvement is dramatic,
if not yet total. "
Patent Number 6,200,569
:
Composition and method for increasing insulin activity
Abstract
This invention relates to potentiating insulin activity in a patient
in need thereof. This invention provides a composition comprising an insulin
potentiating agent; such composition comprises one or more substance derived
from a water extract of Polygonum multiflorum, Agaricaceae, or Cinnamomum
.
This invention also provides a method for treating hyperglycemia in a patient
by administering to the patient an insulin potentiating agent. The method
can be used to decrease blood glucose and/or glycosylated hemoglobin and/or
glucose level.
Patent Number 6,428,825
:
Process for the preparation
of an herbal-therapeutic product extracted from the pulp of a species eugenia
jambolana ( eugenia jambolana
is same as Syzygium cumini )
Abstract
The present invention relates
to an herbal therapeutic product for controlling diabetes mellitus comprising
at least one hypoglycemic compound extracted from the pulp of fruit Eugenia
jambolana. The process for the preparation of the herbal therapeutic product
to control the glucose level, comprises cleaning and drying the fruit of
a species of family Eugenia
Patent Number 5,980,902
:
Compositions for treating
and preventing diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance and related symptoms,
and methods for preparing and using such compositions
Abstract
Compositions derived from
Gymnema
sylvestre leaf materials are disclosed. Methods for isolating such
compositions are also disclosed. The compositions may be administered orally,
intravenously, subcutaneously or transdermally and are useful for treating
patients having diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, and various conditions
associated with or symptoms of diabetes. Additionally, the compositions
reduce polydipsia, polyuria and polyphagia, regenerate the pancreatic islets
of Langerhans, including beta cells, increase endogenous insulin, lipase
and amylase levels, increase production of proinsulin and c-peptide, and
lower blood lipids and triglycerides and free fatty acids
"The present invention relates
generally to compositions derived from certain plant materials, specifically
Gymnema
sylvestre leaf materials, and the treatment of types 1 and 2 diabetes,
impaired glucose tolerance, hyperlipidemia, elevated triglyceride levels,
elevated free fatty acid levels, and reduced levels of insulin, c-peptide,
amylase and lipase using the compositions. Extraction techniques and compositions
isolated using those extraction techniques are disclosed. The compositions
of the present invention stimulate the regeneration of pancreatic islets
and, more preferably, beta cells responsible for the production of insulin.
"
"...extract
of Gymnema sylvestre, GS2, and its hypoglycemic activity at one tenth the
dose of the dried leaves of Gymnema sylvestre. At that time, the authors
attributed the effect of the extract GS2 to the increased availability
of insulin and to the facilitation of metabolites in insulin-dependent
processes"
"extracts from the leaves
of Gymnema sylvestre, denominated GS3 and GS4, were able to increase
the islet number and beta cell number in diabetic rats. GS4 treatment
resulted in a significant reduction in blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin
and glycosylated plasma proteins, as well as decreases in lipid levels.
Both extracts, GS3, and GS4, when administered orally to streptozotocin-induced
diabetic rats, caused fasting blood glucose levels to return to normal."
The present invention provides
oral hypoglycemic agents comprising an extract of the leaves of Gymnema
sylvestre. These compositions and their analogs and derivatives are effective
for treatment and prevention of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and impaired
glucose tolerance
Patent Number
4,761,286 :
Intestinal absorption
inhibiting agent
Abstract
"Gymnema sylvestre
is added to glucose for inhibiting absorption of the glucose through intestine,
whereby the increase in calorie intake which usually arises from taking
of glucose-containing foodstuffs can be restrained at a low level. "
"The inventor conducted many
studies with a view to attaining the above object, and as the result, he
found that when Gymnema sylvestre (hereinafter referred to as "GS") extracted
from leaves of plants belonging to the family of asclepiadaceae which grow
naturally in India, Africa and China is added to a carbohydrate, glucose
absorption through the intestinal tract can be inhibited. "
Patent Number
4,912,089 :
This patent describes
how Gymnema sylvestre can prevent
tooth decay .
Cariostatic materials and
foods, and method for preventing dental caries /cavities
Abstract
"The decomposition of sugar
and production of glucan by Streptococcus mutans which causes dental caries
are prevented by a purified Gymnemic acid as a cariostatic material derived
from Gymnema sylvestre. The Gymnema sylvestre itself is used as a cariostatic
food.
"Dental caries afflict humankind
from ancient times, and particular attention has been given to a relationship
between sugar and dental caries"
"dental caries start with
decomposition of sugar present in the mouth by the Streptococcus mutans
to produce a highly sticky glucan (polysaccharide) which is then adhered
to surfaces of teeth to form bacterial plaque. Now, it is an established
theory in the academic world that the formation of such plaque is the cause
for growing up of dental caries. "
"Gymnema sylvestre, which
belongs to the family of Asclepiadaceae and grows naturally in India, Africa
and China, has a cariostatic property of inhibiting the production of the
above-described glucan thereby to prevent the plaque formation on the tooth
surfaces. "
Patent Number 5,730,988
Nutritional supplements for
improving glucose metabolism
Abstract
The invention provides nutritional
supplements and methods for administering nutritional supplements that
improve glucose metabolism, particularly for persons with diabetes. A first
nutritional supplement, or "Phase I" supplement, comprises a source of
vanadate and a source of chromium. A second nutritional supplement, or
"Phase II" supplement, comprises Gymnema sylvestre and lipoic acid"
"In another aspect of the
invention, an alternative nutritional supplement is provided with comprises
a source of gymnema sylvestre and a source of lipoic acid.
This
alternative
nutritional supplement also produces insulin-like effects the prevent,
reduce or eliminate the need to administer insulin
Patent Number 5,605,698 :
Oral composition
Abstract
The present invention provides
auxiliary food having the effects of decreasing food intake as an external
factor by suppressing the sensibility to sweetness in eating food, and
the effect of decreasing a desire for eating as an internal factor by increasing
the number of times of chewing. The auxiliary food is used as chewing gum
for helping diet and abstinence from drinking and preventing obesity, containing
0.3 to 130 mg of gymnemic acid as an effective ingredient.
"The extract of Gymnema Sylvestre
(GS extract) which is a perennial plant of Asclepiadaceae growing naturally
in India, Southeast Asia and China has been known as having the function
to suppress the sensibility to sweetness from old times
"gymnemic acid
has recently attracted attention because it has the pharmacological effect
of inhibiting the absorption of sugar in the human digestive system. There
have been thus many proposals of use as a medicine for diabetes"
Patent Number 5,137,921
(Dai-Nippon Sugar Mfg. Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan Foreign Patent )
Inhibitory agent of an increase
in blood sugar level
Abstract
There is provided an inhibitory
agent of an increase in blood sugar level, comprising conduritol A
of the formula(I): ##STR1## or a derivative thereof, as an active component.
"Gymnemic acid extracted
from Gymnema sylvestre which is also a vine belonging to the family Asclepiadaceae
and originally grows in India, is known to have an inhibitory action on
the absorption of sugar in intestinal tract, leading to the inhibition
of an increase in blood sugar level (Japanese Patent Laid-Open-to-Public
Publication No. 5023/1986). "
conduritol A can be obtained
by extracting and purifying the plants Gymnema sylvestre
"It has surprisingly been
found that conduritol A and derivatives thereof have effective inhibitory
action on the absorption of sugar in intestinal tract, according to sugar
absorption test using reversed gut, and that they effectively inhibit an
increase in the blood sugar level after oral administration of sugar in
rat. Conduritol A and derivatives thereof can inhibit rapid increase in
blood sugar level after ingestion of sugar at meals, thus reducing the
load of secreting insulin. Therefore, they are useful as a therapeutic
agent for treating diabetes. "
Patent Number 5,116,820
Intestinal absorption inhibiting
agent
Abstract
Intestinal absorption inhibiting
agent for inhibiting glucose absorption through intestinal tracts of
humans and like, the agent containing gymnemic acid
and pullulan which work synergistically with each other against glucose
absorption.
Patent Number 5,658,571
Process for extraction and use of fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum)
Abstract
A process for preparing debitterised powder of the seed of the plant
Fenugreek Trigonella Foenumgraecum . This has following
beneficial uses
" 1.The debitterised seed powder as well as the formulations
of the present invention are useful for providing soluble fiber for the
body which is free from side effects.
2. The debitterised seed powder as well as the formulations containing
it are useful in combating obesity and curtail the intake of calories.
3. The debitterised seed powder as well as formulations containing it
help to prevent formation of carcinogenic effects in the colon.
4. The debitterised seed powder as well as formulations containing it
helps to protect against heart attacks:
a) by preventing absorption of cholesterol;
b) increasing degradation of cholesterol;
c) reducing triglycerides as well as enhancing the level of beneficial
high density lipoprotein cholesterol.
5. The debitterised seed powder as well as the formulations containing
it are useful in the control of diabetes by
a) prolonging absorption of sugars
b) facilitating uptake of glucose through muscles thereby facilitating
utilization faster. - increasing insulin sensitivity
Another advantage of the invention is that the seed treated according
to the present invention and formulations containing the debitterised seed
powder have a minimal number of calories. "
Patent Number
5,470,879
Treatment of non-insulin-dependent
diabetes
Abstract
Antidiabetic composition,
characterized in that it contains as active substance, in the free or combined
state, at least one mono- or polyhydroxylated amino acid and/or its lactone
forms and its amidated derivatives.
"Process for stimulating
the secretion of insulin and for the treatment of non-insulin dependent
diabetes by the administration of effective quantities of substantially
pure 4-hydroxyisoleucine of the formula: ##STR3## or its lactone
form or mixtures thereof.
2. Process according to claim
1 characterized by the administration of 4-hydroxyisoleucine of a vegetable
origin.
3. Process according to claim
2 characterized by the administration of 4-hydroxyisoleucine obtained
from trigonelles (Trigonella SP).
4. Process according to claim
3 characterized by the administration of 4-hydroxyisoleucine extracted
from fenugreek grains (Trigonella foenum graecum L). "
"Despite their advantages,
sulfonylureas( Dymelor,Diabinese, Tolinase , Orinase,
Amaryl ,Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL ,DiaBeta, Micronase, Glynase )
posses a number of drawbacks linked, above all, to the difficulties encountered
in determining the appropriate dosage; this results in risks of overdosage
which can frequently cause hypoglycaemia, with a risk of hypoglycaemic
coma, in particular in elderly individuals.
It would consequently be
desirable to be able to have available a medicinal product that can act
as a substitute for sulfonylureas for stimulating insulin secretion while
not possessing the above mentioned drawbacks. "
"administration of 4-hydroxyisoleucine triggers an immediate and particularly
important increase in the plasma insulin level."
"fenugreek seeds contain considerable amounts of 4-hydroxyisoleucine.
The invention relates especially to a composition endowed with insulin-stimulating
properties, capable of being used as a reagent for functional exploration
of the endocrine pancreas. "
"tests show clearly that 4-hydroxyisoleucine is a substance which
has the property of powerfully stimulating insulin secretion at all levels
of organization: cellular, isolated organ, whole animal "in vivo", the
induction of hyperinsulinaemia has as its consequence a reduction in blood
sugar level, irrespective of whether the 4-hydroxyisoleucine is administered
intravenously or orally."
Patent Number
6,451,355
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Composition to treat diabetes
Abstract
A composition for treating diabetes is disclosed. The composition includes
fenugreek
( Trigonella foenum-graecum )and bile from the gallbladder
of ruminant mammals. The composition is used to treat diabetes through
regular periodic dose administration.
"The present invention is also directed to a method for treating diabetes.
The method involves administering periodic doses of a composition including
an effective amount of fenugreek and an effective amount of bile
from the gallbladder of a ruminant. The treatment method of the present
invention minimizes the complications from diabetes and helps to reverse
many of its chronic side effects. "
Patent Number
6,448,450
1-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethylene
for diabetes treatment
Abstract
A diphenylethylene Pterocarpus
marsupium is provided which is administered orally to decrease blood glucose
levels in rats. The compound is an effective anti-diabetic agent that can
reduce abnormality of glucose metabolism in diabetes.
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